| Electronics 101 |
Theory of Electronics
The atom is the smallest particle and it is made up of a nucleus. The nucleus is in the center of the atom. Moving around inside
are ions and these ions have different charges. First is the electron- a negative ion, Second is the proton + a positive ion.
Finally there is one more piece called the neutron- it has no charge. The neutron and proton are in the center of the nucleus.
The electron floats around on the outside of what is called the valence shell.
The atom is the smallest atomic particle. This is the basic structure of each and every element in the universe. There are over
100 elements of different types of solid, liquid and gases. The carbon atom is made up of 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons.
The nucleus has a positive charge which attracts. This is the basic principle behind electricity. The attraction between these
forces is called Electrostatic Force. To keep this part basic. The more energy exerted on these elements creates a flow of
electrons.
The First Law of Electrostatics
The negative charge of the electron is equal, but opposite to, the positive charge of the proton. These charges are referred to as
electrostatic charges. In nature, unlike charges (like electrons and protons) attract each other, and like charges repel each other.
These facts are known as the First Law of Electrostatics and are sometimes referred to as the law of electrical charges. This law
should be remembered because it is one of the vital concepts in electricity.
The atom is the smallest particle and it is made up of a nucleus. The nucleus is in the center of the atom. Moving around inside
are ions and these ions have different charges. First is the electron- a negative ion, Second is the proton + a positive ion.
Finally there is one more piece called the neutron- it has no charge. The neutron and proton are in the center of the nucleus.
The electron floats around on the outside of what is called the valence shell.
The atom is the smallest atomic particle. This is the basic structure of each and every element in the universe. There are over
100 elements of different types of solid, liquid and gases. The carbon atom is made up of 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons.
The nucleus has a positive charge which attracts. This is the basic principle behind electricity. The attraction between these
forces is called Electrostatic Force. To keep this part basic. The more energy exerted on these elements creates a flow of
electrons.
The First Law of Electrostatics
The negative charge of the electron is equal, but opposite to, the positive charge of the proton. These charges are referred to as
electrostatic charges. In nature, unlike charges (like electrons and protons) attract each other, and like charges repel each other.
These facts are known as the First Law of Electrostatics and are sometimes referred to as the law of electrical charges. This law
should be remembered because it is one of the vital concepts in electricity.
Summarizes the forces of Atoms
Electrostatic Force - force that holds an electron in orbit around a nucleus
Electrostatic Field - force acting between charged objects that causes them to repel or attract. Potential
Difference - measures how large the electrostatic force is
between two charged objects. According to Coulomb’s Law, charged bodies attract
or repel each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their charges and is inversely
proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Electromotive Force (EMF) - sum of the potential differences of all charged particles in an electrostatic field Ion
Charge - dependent on the loss or gain of free electrons
(if an atom gains an electron - negative ion charge; if an atom loses an electron -
positive ion charge)
Electrostatic Force - force that holds an electron in orbit around a nucleus
Electrostatic Field - force acting between charged objects that causes them to repel or attract. Potential
Difference - measures how large the electrostatic force is
between two charged objects. According to Coulomb’s Law, charged bodies attract
or repel each other with a force that is directly proportional to the product of their charges and is inversely
proportional to the square of the distance between them.
Electromotive Force (EMF) - sum of the potential differences of all charged particles in an electrostatic field Ion
Charge - dependent on the loss or gain of free electrons
(if an atom gains an electron - negative ion charge; if an atom loses an electron -
positive ion charge)
Just One More Step All Rights Protected Copyright 2006-2007
This is just one element of Module 1. There are several fundamentals in electronic theory. We suggest that you study module 1.
Then make a decision about being an electronic technician or electrical engineer. We will give you a heads up though. We have
been collectively involved in electronics for over 30 years. The field of electronics is always changing depending on where you
work. It also depends on how you want to use the knowledge you gain
from studying electronics. On the page labeled Electronic Wizard 2. We started to talk about a resistor, which is a component
called a semi-conductor. Resistors are made of wire and carbon. We also discussed the color code used in the measurement
of a resistor. The other things we discussed was the father of resistance. George Ohm was his name and Ohms Law is the
formula developed by George. What you see is that he developed a color code
which is still used today. We made up a little saying so that we could remember all the colors. This is how it goes Bad Boys Rate
Our Young Girls But Violet Gives Wishes black brown red orange yellow green blue purple gray and white. This matches to
numbers 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Finally if you are not totally confused resistors also have a tolerance. Tolerance is the difference
standard plus or minus its potential. This is a little easier because we only have two tolerance bands. 5% tolerance difference is
a GOLD BAND. 10% tolerance difference is a SILVER BAND.
Then make a decision about being an electronic technician or electrical engineer. We will give you a heads up though. We have
been collectively involved in electronics for over 30 years. The field of electronics is always changing depending on where you
work. It also depends on how you want to use the knowledge you gain
from studying electronics. On the page labeled Electronic Wizard 2. We started to talk about a resistor, which is a component
called a semi-conductor. Resistors are made of wire and carbon. We also discussed the color code used in the measurement
of a resistor. The other things we discussed was the father of resistance. George Ohm was his name and Ohms Law is the
formula developed by George. What you see is that he developed a color code
which is still used today. We made up a little saying so that we could remember all the colors. This is how it goes Bad Boys Rate
Our Young Girls But Violet Gives Wishes black brown red orange yellow green blue purple gray and white. This matches to
numbers 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9. Finally if you are not totally confused resistors also have a tolerance. Tolerance is the difference
standard plus or minus its potential. This is a little easier because we only have two tolerance bands. 5% tolerance difference is
a GOLD BAND. 10% tolerance difference is a SILVER BAND.
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